Accepting direction — Cultural note


ចាស់ប្រើក្មេង ជារឿងធម្មតា ហើយការធ្វើតាមសំដីមនុស្សចាស់ជាសុជីវធម៌ ប៉ុន្តែពេលខ្លះ នៅពេលក្មេងនោះមិនចង់ធ្វើ គេធ្វើដែរតែដោយបញ្ចេញទឹកមុខមិនពេញចិត្តឃើញទឹកមុខបែបនោះ អ្នកប្រើអាចនឹងនិយាយថាគ្រាន់តែប្រើប៉ុណ្ណឹងសោះ មុខឡើងក្រញូវ / មុខមើលមិនបាន”។

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KhmerPronunciationEnglish/Notes
ចាស់ cah 1. old, mature
2. (of colors) to be intense, dark, (of seasonings) to be strong, excessive, (of fruits) to be almost ripe
ប្រើ praə to use
ក្មេង kmeeŋ 1. child, young person
2. young
ជា cie 1. to be (equal to), to be as
2. to be well, in good health, recovered
3. to be effective (of medicines)
រឿង rɨəŋ 1. story, novel
2. cause, case, event, conflict
ធម្មតា tʰoam meaʔ taa 1. to be natural, habitual, usual, ordinary
2. usually, ordinarily
ហើយ haǝy 1. to be finished, ended, completed
2. enough!
3. final particle indicating completed action, already, by now
4. in a future context indicates action that will be completed at some future time
5. and, afterwards, next, then, after that
ការ kaa 1. commonly occurs as a nominalizing particle deriving abstract nouns or noun phrases from verbs or verb phrases
2. work, occupation
3. business, affair, matter
4. to protect, defend, prevent
5. to marry
6. marriage
7. wedding
8. interest (e.g., on a loan)
9. profit
10. usury
11. to wind (into a skein/bobbin/reel)
12. to spin (silk)
ធ្វើ tvəə 1. to do, to make, to work, to prepare
2. to cultivate (a field) {ធ្វើស្រែ = to work in a rice field, be a farmer, grow rice}
តាម taam 1. to follow, to agree, to go along {ដើរតាមភ្ញៀវគ្រប់ជំហាន = to follow the customer’s every step}
2. according to, in accordance with, following, along, by, through {តាមអាយុ = according to age} {តាមសម្រួល = take it easy/take your time}
3. on, in, along {ជិះម៉ូតូតាមផ្លូវ = to ride a motorbike on the street} {ជិះតាមផ្លូវតូចៗ = to drive on small roads} {នៅតាមខេត្ត = in/throughout the province} {លក់នៅតាមផ្សារ = to sell in the market}
សំដី sɑmdəy 1. words, speech, utterance
2. husk, empty ear/spike, dry/shrunken seed
Notes: root: ស្ដី; also written សម្ដី
មនុស្ស mɔnuh, meaʔnuh human being, person
សុជីវធម៌ soʔciiveaʔtʰoa 1. savoir vivre, courtesy, manners, good-breeding
2. knowledge of the world, ability to live elegantly
ប៉ុន្តែ pontae but, however
Notes: ជើង ត; root: តែ
ពេលខ្លះ peel klah sometimes
នៅ nɨv 1. in, at
2. to be located at, to live in or at, to reside, to stay, to be in
3. still, yet (pre-verbal marker of a durative or continuative aspect, as a final particle in the tag question ហើយឬនៅ it means 'yet' and as a reply to a question of this kind, it means 'not yet') {ញ៉ាំអីហើយនៅ? = Have you eaten already?}
ពេល peel 1. time
2. moment, instant, period of time
នោះ nuh 1. that, those (often serves simply to emphasize something already referred to or something distant in time or space)
2. then
មិន mɨn negative particle not, non- (usually requires the final particle ទេ)
ចង់ cɑŋ 1. to want/wish/desire (to do something)
2. to flirt with, court, woo (a girl)
3. to approach, draw near
4. about to (do something), on the point of
5. even if
គេ kee 1. he, she
2. one, someone
3. other(s)
ដែរ dae 1. also, too, likewise, in the same way
2. indeed, quite, rather
3. marks a polite, gentler, less abrupt statement: all the same, even so, nevertheless
តែ tae 1. but, however
2. only, just
3. tea
ដោយ daoy 1. by, with, along
2. (indicator of an adverb) in a ... manner
3. because
បញ្ចេញ bɑɲcəɲ 1. to send/drive out, expel
2. to release, let go out
3. to issue, emit (e.g., a sound, rays, beams of light)
4. to publish, to bring out
5. to express (an opinion)
6. to show off
7. to enlarge, develop, to increase
8. to exaggerate
ទឹកមុខ tɨk muk facial expression, mood
ពេញចិត្ត pɨɲ cət to be pleased, satisfied, content
Notes: ជើង ត
ឃើញ kʰəəɲ 1. to see, to perceive
2. to understand, to recognize
3. គិត ... ឃើញ = to find a solution, figure out, solve
4. to come to a conclusion, realize, understand
បែប baep kind, sort, model, type, style, form, shape, method, way
អ្នក neak 1. you (to equals of both sexes)
2. person, one who... (used as an agentive particle to create nouns from predicatives)
អាច ʔaac 1. to be able/qualified (to do something), capable of (doing something)
2. to be possible
3. to be in condition (to), be in a position (to)
4. to dare to
នឹង nɨŋ future tense marker: will, about to
និយាយ niʔyiey to speak, say, talk, relate, tell, to narrate, to talk over, discuss
ថា tʰaa 1. to say, tell, pronounce
2. that (introduces a question or indirect discourse)
3. I've [just] said, [...]
គ្រាន់តែ kroan tae just, only, only just
ប៉ុណ្ណឹង ponnəŋ 1. this much, that much {ប៉ុណ្ណឹងសិនហើយអីចឹង = [on the phone] that's all for now}
2. so, that, like that
សោះ sɑh 1. final particle: (in negative clauses) at all, in the least, completely, utterly, absolutely, finally
2. to be completely out of
3. to be empty, devoid of content
4. to be tasteless, insipid, flavorless, lifeless
5. tired, exhausted
6. pale, anemic
7. it’s just … {សំឡេងទូរស័ព្ទសោះ = it’s just the sound of the phone}
មុខ muk 1. face, front
2. in front of
3. type, kind, variety
4. dish, kind of food
5. head, chief, chairman, president
6. mouth or opening of a stream
7. (sharp) edge (of a knife blade)
ឡើង laəŋ 1. to go up, ascend
2. (of aircraft) to take off
3. to rise, get up
4. to climb
5. to get on/board (a means of transport)
6. to go upstream
7. to ferment, rise (of dough)
8. to increase
9. up, upwards
10. upstream
11. increasingly
12. on
13. often occurs as a verb complement in various meanings
ក្រញូវ krɑɲəv 1. to frown, scowl
2. scowl, angry expression
3. to be frowning, displeased, unhappy
មើល məəl 1. to look at, to watch, to watch for, to observe
2. to read (to oneself), to review (a lesson)
3. to examine, survey, inspect
4. to observe
5. to treat (medically)
6. to care for, take care of
7. to consider, regard
8. particle: come on, give it a try
9. let me see!
10. phrase-final: softens a command or request {ជួយបង្ហាញតិចមើល = Please show me!}
បាន baan 1. to have completed/done something
2. to intend to complete something
3. marker of completed action
4. to get, obtain, acquire, to achieve, have been able to, to get/have the opportunity to do something
5. to get someone or something to do something (often translated by the English passive in this sense)
6. to be able to
7. not ... until, then and only then
8. to pass to someone through inheritance
9. to be OK, fine, all right
10. [spoken language] however, though, in contrast {ម្សិលមិញបានក្ដៅខ្លាំង = yesterday, however, it was very hot}
11. {បានហើយ = I'm done, I give up, I'm finished (depending on the context)}