Cold Season (Sakanan) — 13


ចូលដល់រូបភាពទី ១៣ នៅក្នុងរូបភាពទី ១៣ យើងឃើញថា វាគឺជាពេលថ្ងៃត្រង់ ព្រោះថាអម្បាញ់មិញយើងឃើញថា ឃើញម៉ោងវា ១២ កន្លះ ឬក៏ ១២ សែសិបអញ្ចឹង ១២ សែសិប គឺលើស ១០ នាទី យើង ១២ កន្លះ គឺ ១២ សាមសិបនាទីអញ្ចឹងប្រសិនបើម៉ោង ១២ សាមសិបនាទី គឺយើងហៅ ១២ កន្លះ ក៏ប៉ុន្តែអម្បាញ់មិញ គឺម៉ោង ១២ និងសែសិបនាទី បាទអញ្ចឹងម៉ោង ១២ និងសែសិបនាទី គឺជាពេលវេលាមួយដែលកូនសិស្សចេញពីរៀននៅក្នុងប្រទេសកម្ពុជាមានសាលាខ្លះគឺកូនសិស្សនឹងរៀនព្រឹកផង ល្ងាចផង បាទប៉ុន្តែនៅសាលាខ្លះគឺគេរៀនតែមួយព្រឹកនោះទេដូច្នេះនៅសាលារៀន គេចូលរៀនម៉ោងព្រឹក និងចេញម៉ោង ១១។ ក៏ប៉ុន្តែសម្រាប់តែសាលាដែលគេបង្រៀនពីរវេន បាទ គឺព្រឹក ល្ងាច គឺគេចូលម៉ោងចេញម៉ោង ១១ និងចូលម៉ោងចេញម៉ោង ៥។ ដូច្នេះនៅក្នុងរូបភាពនេះ គឺយើងអាចនិយាយថា សិស្សគឺដល់ពេលសម្រាកញ៉ាំបាយនៅពេលថ្ងៃត្រង់អញ្ចឹង ពួកគាត់ចេញពីសាលារៀនយើងឃើញនៅក្នុងនេះ យើងឃើញនៅក្នុងរូបភាពនេះ គឺមានសាលារៀនមួយ បាទ មានអគារសាលារៀនមួយ ដែលនៅក្នុងនោះ គឺយើងឃើញមានពីរជាន់ អគារនោះគឺពីរជាន់ បាទ ហើយមានប្រាំមួយបន្ទប់អញ្ចឹង មានថ្នាក់រៀនចំនួនប្រាំមួយបន្ទប់ហើយនៅលើអគារនោះ យើងឃើញមានព្រះអាទិត្យចំនួនមួយ អញ្ចឹងបានន័យថា ព្រះអាទិត្យរះនៅកម្ពស់ថ្ងៃត្រង់ បាទ អញ្ចឹងគឺជាពេលវេលាថ្ងៃត្រង់ហើយយើងឃើញមានសិស្សជាច្រើន គាត់បានដើរចេញពីអគារសាលានោះអញ្ចឹងបានន័យថាដល់ម៉ោងដែលគាត់សម្រាក ដូច្នេះគាត់ត្រូវដើរចេញពីអគារទៅផ្ទះ ឬក៏ទៅកន្លែងញ៉ាំបាយបាទ សិស្សខ្លះដែលមានផ្ទះជិតគឺគាត់ទៅផ្ទះរបស់គាត់ ចំណែកឯសិស្សដែលមានផ្ទះឆ្ងាយ គឺគាត់ទៅកន្លែងញ៉ាំបាយ ឬក៏គេហៅថាអាហារដ្ឋានអញ្ចឹងជាទូទៅសាលានីមួយៗតែងតែមានអាហារដ្ឋានរបស់គេ សម្រាប់ឲ្យសិស្សានុសិស្សចូលញ៉ាំអាហារយើងឃើញនៅពីមុខអគារនេះ គឺមានដងទង់ជាតិមួយ បាទ អញ្ចឹងបង្គោលខ្ពស់មួយនោះ គេហៅថាដងទង់ជាតិ ដែលយើងឃើញមានទង់ជាតិចងនៅដងបង្គោលនោះ កំពុងតែបក់រវិចៗ។ អញ្ចឹងទង់ជាតិគឺដាក់នៅគ្រប់សាលាតែម្ដងហើយជាទូទៅមុនពេលចូលរៀន គឺសិស្សទាំងអស់ត្រូវតែគោរពទង់ជាតិ គឺយើងត្រូវបង្ហូតទង់ជាតិឡើងដោយច្រៀងចម្រៀងជាតិ ដូចជានៅក្នុងសាលានៅក្នុងប្រទេសកម្ពុជា គឺពេលព្រឹកម៉ោងនៅពេលដែលសិស្សចូលដល់សាលាអស់ គឺសិស្សទាំងអស់ ត្រូវមកតម្រង់ជួរគ្នានៅក្បែរទង់ជាតិ ដើម្បីច្រៀងភ្លេង ច្រៀងបទភ្លេងជាតិ ហើយបង្ហូតទង់ជាតិឡើងលើនៅពេលព្រឹកអញ្ចឹងបទភ្លេងជាតិរបស់ប្រទេសកម្ពុជា គឺមានចំណងជើងថាបទនគររាជអញ្ចឹងគឺយើងតែងតែច្រៀង ដើម្បីបង្ហូតទង់ជាតិឡើងលើនៅពេលព្រឹកហើយបន្ទាប់មក នៅពេលដែលសិស្សចេញពីរៀននៅពេលល្ងាច គឺយើងត្រូវបង្ហូតទង់ជាតិចុះវិញ ដោយច្រៀងបទនគររាជដដែលអញ្ចឹងនៅគ្រប់សាលាទាំងអស់ គឺត្រូវបង្ហូតទង់ជាតិពីរដង ទីមួយគឺនៅពេលព្រឹកម៉ោងនិងទីពីរនៅពេលល្ងាចម៉ោងឬក៏នៅពេលរសៀល

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KhmerPronunciationEnglish/Notes
ចូល coul 1. to enter, go in, penetrate
2. to approach
3. to reach
4. to begin, set in
5. may indicate the adverbial meaning of ‘inwardly’ or ‘forwardly’ directed movement
6. to enter into, subscribe to, contribute to
7. to take in (as revenue)
8. to mate (of animals)
9. to go into a trance (of a medium)
10. to possess (as a spirit possesses a medium)
11. to agree with
ដល់ dɑl 1. to reach, to attain, to arrive at
2. to, toward, up to, as far as, at, until
រូបភាព ruup pʰiep 1. image, picture, drawing, photo
2. appearance, form, shape
ទី tii 1. particle used to form ordinal numbers
2. spot, place, location
3. rank, function, service
នៅ nɨv 1. in, at
2. to be located at, to live in or at, to reside, to stay, to be in
3. still, yet (pre-verbal marker of a durative or continuative aspect, as a final particle in the tag question ហើយឬនៅ it means 'yet' and as a reply to a question of this kind, it means 'not yet') {ញ៉ាំអីហើយនៅ? = Have you eaten already?}
ក្នុង knoŋ 1. in, inside
2. during + (time word)
យើង yəəŋ 1. we
2. I (familiar)
3. in final position used to refer to 'our Cambodian ...' {ទុរេនកំពតយើងមែន? = Kampot durian (from our country, Cambodia), right?}
ឃើញ kʰəəɲ 1. to see, to perceive
2. to understand, to recognize
3. គិត ... ឃើញ = to find a solution, figure out, solve
4. to come to a conclusion, realize, understand
ថា tʰaa 1. to say, tell, pronounce
2. that (introduces a question or indirect discourse)
3. I've [just] said, [...]
វា vie 1. it (of animals, things, or very young children)
2. he, she, they (familiar or contemptuous)
គឺ kɨɨ 1. to be (equal to)
2. as follows, namely
ជា cie 1. to be (equal to), to be as
2. to be well, in good health, recovered
3. to be effective (of medicines)
ពេលថ្ងៃត្រង់ peel tŋay trɑŋ noon, at noon
ព្រោះ prʊəh because (of), since
អម្បាញ់មិញ ʔɑmbaɲ mɨɲ just now, just a moment ago
ម៉ោង maoŋ 1. hour
2. o'clock
3. clock, time {សប្បាយពេកភ្លេចមើលម៉ោង = it was so much fun that I forgot to watch the clock} {គាត់សល់ម៉ោងច្រើនដែរ = she still has a lot of time}
កន្លះ kɑnlah 1. half
2. clf.: half a [...] {កន្លះម៉ោង = half an hour}
ឬក៏ rɨɨ kɑɑ or (on the other hand)
សែសិប sae sǝp fourty
អញ្ចឹង ʔɑɲcəŋ 1. in that case, so, then, therefore
2. like this/that
3. this/that much
លើស lǝǝh 1. to pass/go beyond, exceed, surpass
2. more, too (much), over
3. in addition, more than necessary
4. the most, more than all others
នាទី nietii 1. minute
2. domain, scope, jurisdiction
3. role, function, duty, area of concern, business
4. rank
សាមសិប saam səp thirty
ប្រសិនបើ prɑsən baə if
ហៅ hav 1. to call, name
2. to order (e.g., in a restaurant), specifically to stop a vehicle
3. to send for, summon
4. to invite (guests)
ក៏ kɑɑ marker of sequential or consecutive action: also, so, then, therefore, accordingly
ប៉ុន្តែ pontae but, however
Notes: ជើង ត; root: តែ
និង nɨŋ and
បាទ baat male politeness particle, also used to answer in the affirmative, or agree to or acknowledge a statement
ពេលវេលា peel veelie time
មួយ muəy 1. one {មួយៗ = one by one}
2. one person/myself {សុំចេញមួយ = Please let me [go] out!} {សុំទៅមួយ = Please give way [for me one person]!} {សុំចុះមួយ = Please let me [one person] get off [the bus]!}
ដែល dael 1. who, whom, which, where, when
2. of/to/in/at which/whom
3. the fact/reason that
4. ever, happened to, having done at least once, having been to, already, always, had occasion to, have ever {អត់ដែលដឹងសោះ = I’ve never known this!}
កូនសិស្ស koun səh 1. student
2. temple-boy (short for កូនសិស្សលោក)
ចេញ cəɲ 1. to go out, leave, emerge, exit
2. to issue, bring out, come out (of a publication)
3. to emit, utter
4. out, off, away (also figuratively) {ខ្ញុំគិតអត់ចេញ = I can't figure it out}
5. to pay out, pay for, lay out (money), spend
6. to gain, earn, save
7. to play (a card)
ពី pii from, since, of, about, at
រៀន riən to study, to learn, to practice
ប្រទេស prɑteeh country, nation
កម្ពុជា kampuʔcie Cambodia
មាន mien 1. to have, possess, own
2. to exist, there is, there are
3. to be rich, own property
4. indicates the accomplishment of an action, to happen to, to have occasion to
Notes: in spoken Khmer, negated មាន (មិនមាន or គ្មាន) can be contracted into មាន, e.g., មានអ្នកណាចង់ជួបឯង = ‘there's nobody who wants to meet you’ — contrast this with the affirmative: មានគេចង់ជួបឯង = ‘there’s somebody who wants to meet you’
សាលា saalaa 1. hall
2. school
3. institution, establishment
4. court (of law)
5. kind of relay station/shelter on the road between two towns or villages
ខ្លះ klah some (serves as a plural marker with ណា​​ and អ្វី)
នឹង nɨŋ future tense marker: will, about to
ព្រឹក prɨk morning
ផង pʰɑɑŋ 1. also, too, as well
2. marker indicating entreaty or a polite request: please ..., would you ...
ល្ងាច lŋiec evening, late afternoon
គេ kee 1. he, she
2. one, someone
3. other(s)
តែ tae 1. but, however
2. only, just
3. tea
នោះ nuh 1. that, those (often serves simply to emphasize something already referred to or something distant in time or space)
2. then
ទេ tee 1. particle: negative particle occurring in phrase final position especially after មិន, ពុំ, etc.
2. interrogative particle occurring in phrase final position, often in the combination ឬទេ
3. neutral/positive particle to add emphasis {ខ្ញុំសុខសប្បាយទេ = I'm fine!} {យកតែមួយទេ = I’ll take only one!}
ដូច្នេះ doucneh 1. so, thus, therefore
2. like this
សាលារៀន saalaa riən school
សម្រាប់ sɑmrap 1. for
2. used for, used to (make or do something)
បង្រៀន bɑŋriən to teach, to instruct, to train
ពីរ pii, pɨl two
វេន veen 1. turn (rotation), shift, work time
2. in turn, in rotation
នេះ nih 1. this, these
2. often serves simply to emphasize something already referred to or something nearby in time or space
អាច ʔaac 1. to be able/qualified (to do something), capable of (doing something)
2. to be possible
3. to be in condition (to), be in a position (to)
4. to dare to
និយាយ niʔyiey to speak, say, talk, relate, tell, to narrate, to talk over, discuss
សិស្ស səh student
ពេល peel 1. time
2. moment, instant, period of time
សម្រាក sɑmraak 1. to rest, to relax, to cause to relieve
2. break {សម្រាកថ្ងៃត្រង់ = lunch break}
Notes: root: ស្រាក; also written សំរាក
ញ៉ាំ ɲam to eat, to drink, to consume {ញ៉ាំបាយ = general term for 'to eat' (neutral form for younger persons and persons of the same age)}
Notes: informal, of oneself, addressing children or close friends but not elders
បាយ baay 1. cooked rice
2. food, meal
ពួកគាត់ puək koat they
អគារ ʔaʔkie building, house
ជាន់ coan 1. floor, story, level, stage, class, status
2. to step on, trample on, walk on
3. of events: to overlap
4. to dominate, to control, administer, be in charge of
5. to pound (grain in a mortar using a foot-powered pestle)
6. to strike repeatedly
7. (of animals) to mount/mate with
8. surrounding wall, fortification
9. period of time
10. (especially of an evil spirit or bad influence) to possess, take possession of
ហើយ haǝy 1. to be finished, ended, completed
2. enough!
3. final particle indicating completed action, already, by now
4. in a future context indicates action that will be completed at some future time
5. and, afterwards, next, then, after that
ប្រាំមួយ pram muəy six
បន្ទប់ bɑntup room
ថ្នាក់រៀន tnak riən classroom
ចំនួន cɑmnuən amount, number, quantity
លើ ləə 1. up, on, over, above
2. to be on, over, above, located on top
3. in regard to, concerning, toward, for, against
ព្រះអាទិត្យ preah ʔaatɨt sun
បានន័យថា baan ney tʰaa 1. that means, in other words
2. to mean
រះ reah 1. to shine, become visible
2. to appear, rise (of heavenly bodies)
3. to make a sweeping motion
4. to fire in a fan or sheaf-shaped pattern
5. to spread out radially
6. to move or turn in all different directions
7. to cover all points
8. to please all sides (e.g., in an argument)
9. all, completely, in full
10. to go (while the dew is still on the ground)
11. to start out on a journey early in the morning
12. to scurry about in the morning
13. the period symbol
14. to write a period
15. to beat/play (a percussion instrument) with rapid short strokes
16. to play a trill (on a wind instrument)
17. to demolish an old house and build a new one
កម្ពស់ kɑmpʊəh height
ថ្ងៃត្រង់ tŋay trɑŋ noon
ជាច្រើន cie craən many, a lot, in abundance
គាត់ koat 1. he/him/his
2. she/her
3. they/them/their (formal/polite 3rd person pronoun)
4. you/your (intimate)
បាន baan 1. to have completed/done something
2. to intend to complete something
3. marker of completed action
4. to get, obtain, acquire, to achieve, have been able to, to get/have the opportunity to do something
5. to get someone or something to do something (often translated by the English passive in this sense)
6. to be able to
7. not ... until, then and only then
8. to pass to someone through inheritance
9. to be OK, fine, all right
10. [spoken language] however, though, in contrast {ម្សិលមិញបានក្ដៅខ្លាំង = yesterday, however, it was very hot}
11. {បានហើយ = I'm done, I give up, I'm finished (depending on the context)}
ដើរ daə 1. to walk, to go, to move
2. (of machines) to run
ត្រូវ trəv 1. must, have to
2. to be correct, right, proper, exact, accurate
3. to concern, have to do with, to agree/jibe with, coincide with
4. to be affected with/by, to suffer, undergo (ត្រូវ + CLAUSE marks a passive-like construction in which the subject of the clause introduced by ត្រូវ is translated as the agent in the passive construction)
ទៅ tɨv 1. to go (away from the speaker in space or time), to go to/towards, go on, continue, advance, go away
2. towards
3. from now on, from then on (often used as a particle indicating that the action began at some point in the past or present and continued on into the future or that the action is directed away from the speaker)
4. imperative particle, go ahead and ...! {ញ៉ាំទៅ = Go ahead and eat/drink!}
ផ្ទះ pteah house, home, residence, building
កន្លែង kɑnlaeŋ 1. place, location, region
2. clf. for locations
ជិត cɨt 1. to be close, near
2. tight
3. close-set, dense, thick
4. closely, tightly
5. almost
6. about to, on the point of (doing something)
7. to cover completely, be completely/firmly covered
8. command used by elephant drivers to make an elephant to move closer
របស់ rɔbɑh 1. object, thing, belonging, property
2. of, belonging to
ចំណែកឯ cɑmnaek ʔae as for, as to, regarding
ឆ្ងាយ cŋaay 1. to be far (away), distant, remote
2. separated
អាហារដ្ឋាន ʔaahaa tʰaan restaurant
ជាទូទៅ cie tuu təv in general, as a whole, generally
នីមួយៗ niimuəy niimuəy each, each one, every one, various, all
តែងតែ taeŋ tae usually, regularly, constantly, always, continually
ឲ្យ ʔaoy 1. to give
2. to let, to allow
3. for, to, in order to, so as to {ចង់ឲ្យខ្ញុំកុម្ម៉ង់អីញ៉ាំឲ្យហើយអត់? = Do you want me to order something for you already?}
4. in a... manner (forms adverbial phrases from predicatives)
Notes: also written អោយ, ឱ្យ
សិស្សានុសិស្ស səhsaanuʔsəh students (collective)
អាហារ ʔaahaa food, meal
មុខ muk 1. face, front
2. in front of
3. type, kind, variety
4. dish, kind of food
5. head, chief, chairman, president
6. mouth or opening of a stream
7. (sharp) edge (of a knife blade)
ដង dɑɑŋ 1. pole, post
2. handle (of an axe, shovel, knife), neck (of a musical instrument)
3. shaft, tongue (of a plow)
4. yoke
5. body, torso, trunk
ទង់ជាតិ tʊəŋ ciet national flag
បង្គោល bɑŋkool post, pole
ខ្ពស់ kpʊəh high, tall
ចង cɑɑŋ to tie, bind, fasten, link, attach, connect
កំពុងតែ kɑmpuŋ tae to be in the process of (doing something)
បក់ bɑk 1. wind: to blow
2. to fan
3. to blow out, extinguish
4. to wag, wave, shake, stir, rustle
រវិច rɔvɨc 1. in a wagging/swishing manner
2. in a rocking/swinging/back and forth motion
3. frantically
ដាក់ dak 1. to put, place
2. to deposit
3. to add (ingredients)
4. to set (e.g., a trap)
5. to establish
6. to assign
7. to locate, settle, station
8. to lock up
9. to fasten
10. to use
11. to strike, hit hard
12. to affect
13. to subject someone to
14. to be hard hit, suffer a setback
15. to have bad luck, cause bad luck
16. to feel unwell, have an upset stomach (especially after eating certain fruits)
17. to contract for
18. to subscribe to
19. to renounce (a throne)
20. to put aside (religious vows)
21. in, into, on
22. to eat, drink
23. to kneel
24. command to an elephant to kneel by bending the rear legs
គ្រប់ krup 1. all of, every
2. to be enough, complete, whole, entire
3. to rule, administer, govern
4. to manage
5. to take care of
6. to regulate
តែម្ដង tae mdɑɑŋ 1. immediately, at once, right away, directly
2. all of a sudden
3. generally, in general
4. totally
Notes: ជើង ដ
មុន mun 1. previous(ly), former(ly) {ខែមុន = last month}
2. first, before {ញ៉ាំមុនចុះ = Go ahead and eat first!}
ទាំងអស់ teaŋ ʔɑh all, all of
ត្រូវតែ trəv tae have to, must, should, ought to
គោរព koorup 1. to respect, obey, honor
2. respect
បង្ហូត bɑŋhoot 1. to pull (string or rope through a hole), to raise (e.g., a flag on a mast), to hoist all the way up to the top
2. to pass by (something)
3. to go all the way to
4. to carry to the end
5. to make something go on forever
6. to go beyond the destination
7. adj to be non-stop/through (as a through flight)
8. to omit, leave out
9. not to do (something)
ឡើង laəŋ 1. to go up, ascend
2. (of aircraft) to take off
3. to rise, get up
4. to climb
5. to get on/board (a means of transport)
6. to go upstream
7. to ferment, rise (of dough)
8. to increase
9. up, upwards
10. upstream
11. increasingly
12. on
13. often occurs as a verb complement in various meanings
ដោយ daoy 1. by, with, along
2. (indicator of an adverb) in a ... manner
3. because
ច្រៀង crieŋ 1. to sing
2. to hum
ចម្រៀង cɑmriəŋ song
Notes: root: ច្រៀង; also written ចំរៀង
ជាតិ ciet 1. matter, substance, material, essence, essential constituent {ជាតិទឹក = to be liquid, fluid} {ជាតិខ្លាញ់ = to be oily, greasy} {ម្នាស់មានជាតិអាស៊ីតច្រើន = pineapples have a lot of acid/are acidic/are quite sour}
2. flavor, taste
3. genuine or true state of anything
4. birth, nation, race, line, nationality
ដូចជា douc cie such as, like, as though, to seem as though, for instance
ពេលព្រឹក peel prɨk morning, in the morning
អស់ ʔɑh 1. to consume, use up, run low/short (of something) {អស់ហើយ = [a product, food etc.] finished/sold out}
2. to end, finish, terminate, come to an end
3. entirety, completeness, wholeness
4. to be complete, whole
5. entirely, completely
6. all (of), the whole (of)
7. to have to spend {អស់ម៉ាម៉ឺនទទេ = I had to pay 10’000 for no reason!}
មក mɔɔk 1. to come (toward the speaker in space or time)
2. to come to/towards (often used as a final particle indicating that the action began at some point in the past and continued up to the present)
3. (from then) on, (from that time) forth
4. to, toward
តម្រង់ tɑmrɑŋ 1. to straighten (out), to put in a straight line {តម្រង់ជួរ = to queue}
2. to direct, to aim
3. to rectify
4. in a straight line
Notes: root: ត្រង់
ជួរ cuə 1. column, line, row
2. formation, rank
3. family line, lineage
4. clf. for rows, lines, 12-year cycles, generations
គ្នា knie 1. together
2. mutually, reciprocally
3. I/me/my (informal, intimate)
4. he/she/they/we (informal, intimate)
5. assistant, helper, colleague
6. friend, companion
7. people
8. clf. for persons
ក្បែរ kbae to be near, close to
ដើម្បី daəmbəy in order to, for, to, toward, reserved for
ភ្លេង pleeŋ 1. music, musical composition
2. orchestra, band, musical ensemble
បទ bɑt 1. leg, foot
2. footprint
3. road, way
4. stanza, verse, phrase
5. piece of music, hymn, song
6. (musical) note
7. metre
8. clf. for musical compositions
9. law, decree, (legal) act, action
10. (judicial) instance
11. place (of work), institution
12. trick, scheme, stratagem, strategy
13. cause
ភ្លេងជាតិ pleeŋ ciet national anthem
ចំណងជើង cɑmnɑɑŋ cəəŋ 1. caption, headline, title, subtitle, heading
2. string tied around the ankle
បទនគររាជ bɑt nɔkɔɔ riec royal hymn
បន្ទាប់មក bɑntoap mɔɔk next, then, afterwards, later
ពេលល្ងាច peel lŋiec evening, in the evening
ចុះ coh 1. to move downwards, descend, go down, get down, dismount
2. get off/out of
3. to go downstream
4. (of rain) to fall
5. (of fog/mist) to appear
6. to flow, run
7. to decrease, diminish
8. to lower a price, to give a discount
9. to submit, give up, comply
10. down (adverbial denoting movement downwards physically, in status or class, or in price)
11. downstream
12. to register, sign
13. to make an entry, record
14. to formalize
15. to conduct, carry out (e.g., an investigation)
16. to relax
17. to release
18. to be dated (with a calendrical date)
19. to work something out
20. to have diarrhea
វិញ vɨɲ again, back, instead
ដដែល dɑdael 1. to be identical, alike, the same
2. as before, over and over, in the same way
ដង dɑɑŋ time, occurrence, occasion
រសៀល rɔsiəl 1. afternon
2. about to, to make haste to
3. to be almost (dead, of someone who is in the declining years)