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| Khmer | Pronunciation | English/Notes |
|---|---|---|
| បន្ទាប់មក | bɑntoap mɔɔk | next, then, afterwards, later |
| ទៀត | tiət | 1. again, still, more, further, yet, additional 2. to be different, other |
| រូបភាព | ruup pʰiep | 1. image, picture, drawing, photo 2. appearance, form, shape |
| ទី | tii | 1. particle used to form ordinal numbers 2. spot, place, location 3. rank, function, service |
| បន្ទាប់ពី | bɑntoap pii | after, next |
| គាត់ | koat | 1. he/him/his 2. she/her 3. they/them/their (formal/polite 3rd person pronoun) 4. you/your (intimate) |
| បំពង | bɑmpɔɔŋ | 1. to deep fry 2. to cause to puff/swell up by frying 3. to rise (and overflow) (of dough) 4. to amplify, make louder Notes: root: ពង |
| ខ្ទឹម | ktɨm | generic name for onions, garlic, leeks, and related vegetables |
| រួចរាល់ | ruəc roal | 1. to finish, to complete 2. completely |
| ហើយ | haǝy | 1. to be finished, ended, completed 2. enough! 3. final particle indicating completed action, already, by now 4. in a future context indicates action that will be completed at some future time 5. and, afterwards, next, then, after that |
| អញ្ចឹង | ʔɑɲcəŋ | 1. in that case, so, then, therefore 2. like this/that 3. this/that much |
| ឡើង | laəŋ | 1. to go up, ascend 2. (of aircraft) to take off 3. to rise, get up 4. to climb 5. to get on/board (a means of transport) 6. to go upstream 7. to ferment, rise (of dough) 8. to increase 9. up, upwards 10. upstream 11. increasingly 12. on 13. often occurs as a verb complement in various meanings |
| ឈ្ងុយ | cŋuy | to smell delicious/fragrant |
| ដូច្នេះ | doucneh | 1. so, thus, therefore 2. like this |
| ក៏ | kɑɑ | marker of sequential or consecutive action: also, so, then, therefore, accordingly |
| បាន | baan | 1. to have completed/done something 2. to intend to complete something 3. marker of completed action 4. to get, obtain, acquire, to achieve, have been able to, to get/have the opportunity to do something 5. to get someone or something to do something (often translated by the English passive in this sense) 6. to be able to 7. not ... until, then and only then 8. to pass to someone through inheritance 9. to be OK, fine, all right 10. [spoken language] however, though, in contrast {ម្សិលមិញបានក្ដៅខ្លាំង = yesterday, however, it was very hot} 11. {បានហើយ = I'm done, I give up, I'm finished (depending on the context)} |
| ថែម | tʰaem | 1. to add (to), increase, to do something additional {ទិញមួយថែមមួយ = buy one, get one free} 2. to complete 3. to make change 4. again, more, in addition to, including, moreover |
| សាច់ | sac | 1. meat 2. pulp (of a fruit), wooden parts of a tree 3. substance, essence, essential part |
| ជ្រូក | cruuk | 1. pig 2. pork {សាច់ជ្រូក = pork} |
| ចូល | coul | 1. to enter, go in, penetrate 2. to approach 3. to reach 4. to begin, set in 5. may indicate the adverbial meaning of ‘inwardly’ or ‘forwardly’ directed movement 6. to enter into, subscribe to, contribute to 7. to take in (as revenue) 8. to mate (of animals) 9. to go into a trance (of a medium) 10. to possess (as a spirit possesses a medium) 11. to agree with |
| ទៅ | tɨv | 1. to go (away from the speaker in space or time), to go to/towards, go on, continue, advance, go away 2. towards 3. from now on, from then on (often used as a particle indicating that the action began at some point in the past or present and continued on into the future or that the action is directed away from the speaker) 4. imperative particle, go ahead and ...! {ញ៉ាំទៅ = Go ahead and eat/drink!} |
| ក្នុង | knoŋ | 1. in, inside 2. during + (time word) |
| នោះ | nuh | 1. that, those (often serves simply to emphasize something already referred to or something distant in time or space) 2. then |
| ផងដែរ | pʰɑɑŋ dae | also, too, as well |
| ដោយសារតែ | daoy saa tae | because |
| ហៅ | hav | 1. to call, name 2. to order (e.g., in a restaurant), specifically to stop a vehicle 3. to send for, summon 4. to invite (guests) |
| បាយ | baay | 1. cooked rice 2. food, meal |
| ឆា | cʰaa | 1. to stir-fry (usually meat mixed with vegetables) 2. to try to do (something), to experiment, practice (doing something) 3. to break (up), crack, chip, splinter 4. to be cracked, chipped 5. to wipe the slate clean, to stop (e.g., a game, one's life) and begin again |
| គឺ | kɨɨ | 1. to be (equal to) 2. as follows, namely |
| ជា | cie | 1. to be (equal to), to be as 2. to be well, in good health, recovered 3. to be effective (of medicines) |
| លាយ | liey | 1. to mix, blend, stir together, combine 2. to mix up, confuse 3. to scatter 4. to melt, dissolve 5. to be blended, mixed 6. to be liquid 7. track, trace, mark, line 8. pattern of lines on the palm of the hand 9. kind of fishing trap made of bamboo |
| ពង | pɔɔŋ | 1. egg 2. ovum 3. to lay an egg 4. to get blisters 5. to come to a head (of a boil or abscess) 6. to swell up 7. to be swollen 8. blister, abscess, boil 9. tumor 10. (colloquial) testicle |
| ទា | tie | duck |
| បន្ថែម | bɑntʰaem | 1. to add (to), increase 2. to supplement, replenish 3. additionally, in addition to |
| ខ្ទះ | kteah | large pan, frying pan, wok |
| គេ | kee | 1. he, she 2. one, someone 3. other(s) |
| ត្រូវការ | trəv kaa | 1. to need, require, want 2. to be necessary, needed, required |
| វា | vie | 1. it (of animals, things, or very young children) 2. he, she, they (familiar or contemptuous) |
| ពិបាក | piʔbaak | 1. difficult {ការទិញអីវ៉ាន់នៅខ្មែររៀងពិបាកបន្តិច = buying things in Cambodia is a bit difficult/not easy} {តែពិបាកត្រង់ ឆាប់ងងុយដេក = the problem is: I’m getting tired easily} 2. sad, poor, miserable 3. to suffer |
| នៅ | nɨv | 1. in, at 2. to be located at, to live in or at, to reside, to stay, to be in 3. still, yet (pre-verbal marker of a durative or continuative aspect, as a final particle in the tag question ហើយឬនៅ it means 'yet' and as a reply to a question of this kind, it means 'not yet') {ញ៉ាំអីហើយនៅ? = Have you eaten already?} |
| ការ | kaa | 1. commonly occurs as a nominalizing particle deriving abstract nouns or noun phrases from verbs or verb phrases 2. work, occupation 3. business, affair, matter 4. to protect, defend, prevent 5. to marry 6. marriage 7. wedding 8. interest (e.g., on a loan) 9. profit 10. usury 11. to wind (into a skein/bobbin/reel) 12. to spin (silk) |
| ចម្អិន | cɑmʔən | to cook, to prepare food Notes: root: ឆ្អិន; also written ចំអិន |
| បានន័យថា | baan ney tʰaa | 1. that means, in other words 2. to mean |
| អត់ | ʔɑt | 1. no, not 2. to be without, lacking 3. to restrain oneself, abstain from 4. particle to form yes/no questions |
| ងាយ | ŋiey | easy |
| ឆ្អិន | cʔən | 1. to be cooked 2. mature, experienced, well-versed 3. of red: to be bright 4. to be pure/without impurities (especially of gold) |
| ឆាប់ | cʰap | 1. quick, quickly, promptly, right away 2. in haste, urgently 3. soon 4. early |
| ទេ | tee | 1. particle: negative particle occurring in phrase final position especially after មិន, ពុំ, etc. 2. interrogative particle occurring in phrase final position, often in the combination ឬទេ 3. neutral/positive particle to add emphasis {ខ្ញុំសុខសប្បាយទេ = I'm fine!} {យកតែមួយទេ = I’ll take only one!} |
| ដើម្បី | daəmbəy | in order to, for, to, toward, reserved for |
| ឲ្យ | ʔaoy | 1. to give 2. to let, to allow 3. for, to, in order to, so as to {ចង់ឲ្យខ្ញុំកុម្ម៉ង់អីញ៉ាំឲ្យហើយអត់? = Do you want me to order something for you already?} 4. in a... manner (forms adverbial phrases from predicatives) Notes: also written អោយ, ឱ្យ |
| ល្អ | lʔɑɑ | 1. good, nice, beautiful, pretty 2. correct, proper |
| យើង | yəəŋ | 1. we 2. I (familiar) 3. in final position used to refer to 'our Cambodian ...' {ទុរេនកំពតយើងមែន? = Kampot durian (from our country, Cambodia), right?} |
| ត្រូវ | trəv | 1. must, have to 2. to be correct, right, proper, exact, accurate 3. to concern, have to do with, to agree/jibe with, coincide with 4. to be affected with/by, to suffer, undergo (ត្រូវ + CLAUSE marks a passive-like construction in which the subject of the clause introduced by ត្រូវ is translated as the agent in the passive construction) |
| ដាក់ | dak | 1. to put, place 2. to deposit 3. to add (ingredients) 4. to set (e.g., a trap) 5. to establish 6. to assign 7. to locate, settle, station 8. to lock up 9. to fasten 10. to use 11. to strike, hit hard 12. to affect 13. to subject someone to 14. to be hard hit, suffer a setback 15. to have bad luck, cause bad luck 16. to feel unwell, have an upset stomach (especially after eating certain fruits) 17. to contract for 18. to subscribe to 19. to renounce (a throne) 20. to put aside (religious vows) 21. in, into, on 22. to eat, drink 23. to kneel 24. command to an elephant to kneel by bending the rear legs |
| មុន | mun | 1. previous(ly), former(ly) {ខែមុន = last month} 2. first, before {ញ៉ាំមុនចុះ = Go ahead and eat first!} |
| ពេល | peel | 1. time 2. moment, instant, period of time |
| ដែល | dael | 1. who, whom, which, where, when 2. of/to/in/at which/whom 3. the fact/reason that 4. ever, happened to, having done at least once, having been to, already, always, had occasion to, have ever {អត់ដែលដឹងសោះ = I’ve never known this!} |
| ឬក៏ | rɨɨ kɑɑ | or (on the other hand) |
| គ្រឿងគ្រៅ | krɨəŋ krɨv | ingredient, part |
| ផ្សេង | pseeŋ | to differ, to be different (from each other), to be separate |
| ព្រោះ | prʊəh | because (of), since |
| អាច | ʔaac | 1. to be able/qualified (to do something), capable of (doing something) 2. to be possible 3. to be in condition (to), be in a position (to) 4. to dare to |
| នឹង | nɨŋ | future tense marker: will, about to |
| ជាង | cieŋ | 1. (more) ... than, in excess of, exceeding, to a greater extent than 2. marks the comparative degree of an adjective {ល្អជាង = better} 3. craftsman, artisan, skilled worker, smith {ជាងថត = camera man} |
| ធ្វើឲ្យ | tvəə ʔaoy | 1. to cause, make (someone) do (something) 2. to do (something) for (someone) (often used to form causative compounds) |
| ជាមុនសិន | cie mun sən | first |
| មុននឹង | mun nɨŋ | before (doing something) |
| គ្រឿង | krɨəŋ | 1. tool, instrument 2. ingredient, spice, seasoning 3. clf. for machines, vehicles etc. |
| នេះ | nih | 1. this, these 2. often serves simply to emphasize something already referred to or something nearby in time or space |
| កំពុងតែ | kɑmpuŋ tae | to be in the process of (doing something) |
| បន្លែ | bɑnlae | vegetable |
| មាន | mien | 1. to have, possess, own 2. to exist, there is, there are 3. to be rich, own property 4. indicates the accomplishment of an action, to happen to, to have occasion to Notes: in spoken Khmer, negated មាន (មិនមាន or គ្មាន) can be contracted into មាន, e.g., មានអ្នកណាចង់ជួបឯង = ‘there's nobody who wants to meet you’ — contrast this with the affirmative: មានគេចង់ជួបឯង = ‘there’s somebody who wants to meet you’ |
| ដូចជា | douc cie | such as, like, as though, to seem as though, for instance |
| ការ៉ុត | kaarot | carrot |
| ស្ពៃ | spey | generic term for cabbage and cabbage-like vegetables |
| សណ្ដែកកួរ | sɑndaek kuə | yard-long bean (Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis, similar to a string bean but much longer) Notes: ជើង ដ |
| ជាដើម | cie daəm | 1. for example, for instance 2. as above, as listed (or given) above 3. first of all, first and foremost |
| ដំឡូងបារាំង | dɑmlouŋ baaraŋ | white potato |
| ឃើញ | kʰəəɲ | 1. to see, to perceive 2. to understand, to recognize 3. គិត ... ឃើញ = to find a solution, figure out, solve 4. to come to a conclusion, realize, understand |
| ច្របល់ | crɑbɑl | 1. to mix, blend 2. to toss (as a salad) 3. to get mixed up (literally and figuratively), become confused |
| និង | nɨŋ | and |
| សព្វ | sɑp | 1. each, every, all, everything, everyone 2. to be full, whole, entire 3. thoroughly, wholly 4. to be correct 5. to be loyal |
| ប្រសិនបើ | prɑsən baə | if |
| ប៉ះពាល់ | pah poal | 1. to touch 2. to affect, have an effect on 3. to violate, infringe on 4. to collide with |
| ដល់ | dɑl | 1. to reach, to attain, to arrive at 2. to, toward, up to, as far as, at, until |
| សុខភាព | sokkʰapʰiep | health |
| ដោយ | daoy | 1. by, with, along 2. (indicator of an adverb) in a ... manner 3. because |
| ពេលខ្លះ | peel klah | sometimes |
| មេរោគ | mee rook | micro-organism, germ, virus, microbe |
| ឆ្លង | clɑɑŋ | 1. to cross, move across/through (by land, water, or air) 2. to spread (of a disease) 3. to communicate, transmit 4. to copy 5. to intersect 6. to be contaminated, contagious, infected 7. to contract (a disease) 8. to adopt, pick up (e.g., a bad habit) 9. to celebrate 10. to dedicate, inaugurate 11. to survive (an accident or disaster) |
| ជំងឺ | cumŋɨɨ | 1. disease, illness 2. pain |
| ញ៉ាំ | ɲam | to eat, to drink, to consume {ញ៉ាំបាយ = general term for 'to eat' (neutral form for younger persons and persons of the same age)} Notes: informal, of oneself, addressing children or close friends but not elders |
| ឆៅ | cʰav | 1. raw, not cooked 2. immature, inexperienced |
| អ្នកលក់ | neak lʊək | seller |
| ទឹកត្រី | tɨk trəy | fish sauce |
| របស់ | rɔbɑh | 1. object, thing, belonging, property 2. of, belonging to |
| សាប | saap | 1. bland, not salty (enough), tasteless 2. to sow (seeds) 3. powerless, ineffective, valueless, impotent 4. water: fresh 5. to be dull, uninteresting |
| រសជាតិ | rʊəh ciet | taste, flavor |
| ឆ្ងាញ់ | cŋaɲ | tasty, delicious |
| ប៊ីចេង | bii ceeŋ | monosodium glutamate |
| អំបិល | ʔɑmbəl | salt |
| កាន់តែ | kan tae | more and more, further, becoming more and more, increasingly, continually |
| ជាមួយនឹង | cie muəy nɨŋ | 1. together, along with 2. with |
| ប្រៃ | pray | salty |
| បន្តិច | bɑntəc | 1. a little, a little bit, in small amounts, few 2. rather, slightly, just barely 3. in a little while Notes: ជើង ត |
| ស | sɑɑ | color: white |
| ប្រើ | praə | to use |
| ហើយនិង | haǝy nɨŋ | and (followed by the last in a series), with |
| ចុងក្រោយ | coŋ kraoy | (the) last |
| បំផុត | bɑmpʰot | 1. to be the most..., the very..., extreme, extraordinary 2. to terminate, to end, to finish, to conclude 3. final, last |
| ខ្លោច | klaoc | 1. to be burned, scorched 2. overcooked 3. to feel very strongly about something |
| ដែរ | dae | 1. also, too, likewise, in the same way 2. indeed, quite, rather 3. marks a polite, gentler, less abrupt statement: all the same, even so, nevertheless |
| ប្រើប្រាស់ | praə prah | to use |
| ល្មម | lmɔɔm | 1. to be (just) enough, adequate, sufficient, just right, moderate 2. worthy 3. quite, rather, sufficiently 4. at the same time, just in time 5. coincidentally, about time |
| តាម | taam | 1. to follow, to agree, to go along {ដើរតាមភ្ញៀវគ្រប់ជំហាន = to follow the customer’s every step} 2. according to, in accordance with, following, along, by, through {តាមអាយុ = according to age} {តាមសម្រួល = take it easy/take your time} 3. on, in, along {ជិះម៉ូតូតាមផ្លូវ = to ride a motorbike on the street} {ជិះតាមផ្លូវតូចៗ = to drive on small roads} {នៅតាមខេត្ត = in/throughout the province} {លក់នៅតាមផ្សារ = to sell in the market} |
| ក្រោយ | kraoy | 1. to be next, behind, after 2. back 3. later, next 4. in the future |
| អស់ | ʔɑh | 1. to consume, use up, run low/short (of something) {អស់ហើយ = [a product, food etc.] finished/sold out} 2. to end, finish, terminate, come to an end 3. entirety, completeness, wholeness 4. to be complete, whole 5. entirely, completely 6. all (of), the whole (of) 7. to have to spend {អស់ម៉ាម៉ឺនទទេ = I had to pay 10’000 for no reason!} |
| ទើប | təəp | 1. then, only then, next 2. so, consequently {យប់មិញជួបមិត្តចាស់ទើបខ្ញុំញ៉ាំស្រា = yesterday, I met old friends, so I had drinks [with them]} 3. just {ទើបមកដល់ម្សិលមិញ = [they’ve] just arrived yesterday} |
| ដាំ | dam | 1. to plant (seeds), to sow 2. to grow (crops) 3. to erect, set up, install (e.g., a post or column) 4. to boil (water), to cook (rice) |
| មួយ | muəy | 1. one {មួយៗ = one by one} 2. one person/myself {សុំចេញមួយ = Please let me [go] out!} {សុំទៅមួយ = Please give way [for me one person]!} {សុំចុះមួយ = Please let me [one person] get off [the bus]!} |
| សា | saa | 1. to roll something up (e.g., a mat) 2. to pick/gather up (what has been spread out), collect 3. to turn something over 4. to bring in something 5. to expose to the sun 6. to recur (as an illness) 7. to review 8. to do again, repeat 9. new sprout (from an old root) 10. to sprout anew 11. time, occurrence 12. edition 13. one time, just once 14. bloat/colic (of elephants, horses or oxen) 15. kind of Cambodian fish salad 16. (urinary) bladder (especially of animals such as civets, ducks) |
| ម្ដង | mdɑɑŋ | 1. one time, once 2. for a change Notes: ជើង ដ; contraction of មួយដង |
| រួច | ruəc | 1. to finish, end, achieve, complete 2. indicates the possibility of completing the action of the main verb, to be able 3. already, then, after that |
| គ្រាន់តែ | kroan tae | just, only, only just |
| ជាការស្រេច | cie kaa srac | complete, finished |
| ជាក់ស្ដែង | ceak sdaeŋ | 1. clear, sure 2. clearly, surely, obviously Notes: ជើង ដ |
| នារី | nierii | girl, young woman |
| ម្ចាស់ | mcah | boss, owner, master |
| តូប | toup | 1. hut, cottage 2. kiosk, stand, stall 3. pavilion 4. small shrine |
| ហ្នឹង | nɨŋ | this, that, right here, right now (colloquial form of នេះ = this, that) |
| ដំបូង | dɑmbouŋ | 1. first, first of all, before 2. at first, in the beginning |
| ចាក់ | cak | 1. to stab, pierce (with a pointed instrument) 2. to pour (a liquid) 3. to play (a record or tape) |
| ស្ករ | skɑɑ | 1. sugar 2. candy, sweets |
| ចូលគ្នា | coul knie | 1. to join together, to mix together 2. to associate with, join the company (of) 3. to get along, harmonize 4. to be joint |