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| Khmer | Pronunciation | English/Notes |
|---|---|---|
| ហើយ | haǝy | 1. to be finished, ended, completed 2. enough! 3. final particle indicating completed action, already, by now 4. in a future context indicates action that will be completed at some future time 5. and, afterwards, next, then, after that |
| នៅ | nɨv | 1. in, at 2. to be located at, to live in or at, to reside, to stay, to be in 3. still, yet (pre-verbal marker of a durative or continuative aspect, as a final particle in the tag question ហើយឬនៅ it means 'yet' and as a reply to a question of this kind, it means 'not yet') {ញ៉ាំអីហើយនៅ? = Have you eaten already?} |
| ជិត | cɨt | 1. to be close, near 2. tight 3. close-set, dense, thick 4. closely, tightly 5. almost 6. about to, on the point of (doing something) 7. to cover completely, be completely/firmly covered 8. command used by elephant drivers to make an elephant to move closer |
| ផ្លែ | plae | 1. fruit 2. clf. for fruits (e.g., papaya, pineapple) 3. outcome, result 4. to bear fruit 5. blade (of a knife) 6. wart, blister |
| ម្នាស់ | mnoah | pineapple |
| នេះ | nih | 1. this, these 2. often serves simply to emphasize something already referred to or something nearby in time or space |
| យើង | yəəŋ | 1. we 2. I (familiar) 3. in final position used to refer to 'our Cambodian ...' {ទុរេនកំពតយើងមែន? = Kampot durian (from our country, Cambodia), right?} |
| ឃើញ | kʰəəɲ | 1. to see, to perceive 2. to understand, to recognize 3. គិត ... ឃើញ = to find a solution, figure out, solve 4. to come to a conclusion, realize, understand |
| មាន | mien | 1. to have, possess, own 2. to exist, there is, there are 3. to be rich, own property 4. indicates the accomplishment of an action, to happen to, to have occasion to Notes: in spoken Khmer, negated មាន (មិនមាន or គ្មាន) can be contracted into មាន, e.g., មានអ្នកណាចង់ជួបឯង = ‘there's nobody who wants to meet you’ — contrast this with the affirmative: មានគេចង់ជួបឯង = ‘there’s somebody who wants to meet you’ |
| ឪឡឹក | ʔǝv lǝk | watermelon |
| ចំនួន | cɑmnuən | amount, number, quantity |
| ផងដែរ | pʰɑɑŋ dae | also, too, as well |
| អញ្ចឹង | ʔɑɲcəŋ | 1. in that case, so, then, therefore 2. like this/that 3. this/that much |
| គឺ | kɨɨ | 1. to be (equal to) 2. as follows, namely |
| ជា | cie | 1. to be (equal to), to be as 2. to be well, in good health, recovered 3. to be effective (of medicines) |
| ផ្លែឈើ | plae cʰəə | fruit |
| មួយ | muəy | 1. one {មួយៗ = one by one} 2. one person/myself {សុំចេញមួយ = Please let me [go] out!} {សុំទៅមួយ = Please give way [for me one person]!} {សុំចុះមួយ = Please let me [one person] get off [the bus]!} |
| ប្រភេទ | prɑpʰeet | category, variety, class, kind, type, species, aspect, nature, characteristic |
| ដែល | dael | 1. who, whom, which, where, when 2. of/to/in/at which/whom 3. the fact/reason that 4. ever, happened to, having done at least once, having been to, already, always, had occasion to, have ever {អត់ដែលដឹងសោះ = I’ve never known this!} |
| សម្បូរ | sɑmbou | abundant, plentiful Notes: also written សំបូរ |
| ជាតិ | ciet | 1. matter, substance, material, essence, essential constituent {ជាតិទឹក = to be liquid, fluid} {ជាតិខ្លាញ់ = to be oily, greasy} {ម្នាស់មានជាតិអាស៊ីតច្រើន = pineapples have a lot of acid/are acidic/are quite sour} 2. flavor, taste 3. genuine or true state of anything 4. birth, nation, race, line, nationality |
| ទឹក | tɨk | 1. water, juice, liquid 2. round (e.g., of a boxing match) |
| រូបរាង | ruup rieŋ | figure, form, shape, body, appearance, structure |
| ធំ | tʰom | to be big, tall, vast, important Notes: irregular pronunciation |
| មូល | muul | 1. to be round, spherical 2. to be whole, entire 3. to be compact, solid 4. to assemble, gather, unite 5. to concentrate 6. to sum up 7. kind of fishing spear or harpoon 8. origin, root, source 9. basis, base, foundation, essence 10. beginning, birth 11. capital (funds) |
| ខ្លះ | klah | some (serves as a plural marker with ណា and អ្វី) |
| ទ្រវែង | trɔvɛɛŋ | having a long or eliptical shape, oval |
| សាច់ | sac | 1. meat 2. pulp (of a fruit), wooden parts of a tree 3. substance, essence, essential part |
| ពេល | peel | 1. time 2. moment, instant, period of time |
| ទុំ | tum | 1. to be ripe, mature 2. to ripen, to mature 3. to be old/decrepit 4. of colors: to be dark/deep |
| ពណ៌ | poa | color, complexion |
| ក្រហម | krɑhɑɑm | color: red |
| ចំណែក | cɑmnaek | 1. as for, as to, regarding 2. part, division, portion, fragment, quotient |
| ខ្ចី | kcəy | 1. green, unripe, raw, fresh 2. young, naive, unexperienced 3. to borrow 4. of colors: light |
| ស | sɑɑ | color: white |
| ប៉ុន្តែ | pontae | but, however Notes: ជើង ត; root: តែ |
| ឥឡូវនេះ | [ʔləv/ʔiʔləv/ʔəyləv] nih | now, right now, at present |
| ឬក៏ | rɨɨ kɑɑ | or (on the other hand) |
| បច្ចុប្បន្ន | paccopbɑn | the present (time), now, in the present time |
| លឿង | lɨəŋ | color: yellow |
| ហៅ | hav | 1. to call, name 2. to order (e.g., in a restaurant), specifically to stop a vehicle 3. to send for, summon 4. to invite (guests) |
| ថា | tʰaa | 1. to say, tell, pronounce 2. that (introduces a question or indirect discourse) 3. I've [just] said, [...] |
| សំបក | sɑmbɑɑk | 1. skin, bark, shell, rind, peel 2. package 3. pan or scale of a balance 4. stand or tray on which to place gifts for monks or higher officials 5. [colloquial] to be fruitless, valueless, useless |
| បៃតង | baytɑɑŋ | color: green (e.g., as banana leaves) |
| ជានិច្ច | cie nɨc | always |
| លាយ | liey | 1. to mix, blend, stir together, combine 2. to mix up, confuse 3. to scatter 4. to melt, dissolve 5. to be blended, mixed 6. to be liquid 7. track, trace, mark, line 8. pattern of lines on the palm of the hand 9. kind of fishing trap made of bamboo |
| បន្តិច | bɑntəc | 1. a little, a little bit, in small amounts, few 2. rather, slightly, just barely 3. in a little while Notes: ជើង ត |
| រៀង | riəŋ | 1. រៀង + adj. + បន្តិច/តិច = a bit + adj. {រៀងពិបាកបន្តិច = a bit difficult} {រៀងប្រៃបន្តិច = a bit salty} 2. to arrange in series, ranks, rows, order or style 3. in sequence, in order, in rows 4. all, each, every |
| បានន័យថា | baan ney tʰaa | 1. that means, in other words 2. to mean |
| ភ្លឺ | plɨɨ | 1. daybreak, early morning 2. to shine, give off light 3. to be clear, bright, distinct, perceptible 4. dike (separating rice fields), dam, embankment |
| ជាមួយនឹង | cie muəy nɨŋ | 1. together, along with 2. with |
| ចាស់ | cah | 1. old, mature 2. (of colors) to be intense, dark, (of seasonings) to be strong, excessive, (of fruits) to be almost ripe |
| ឆ្លាស់ | clah | 1. to alternate, change turns 2. to mix/put together, blend 3. to jumble up 4. of colors: to be mixed |
| គ្នា | knie | 1. together 2. mutually, reciprocally 3. I/me/my (informal, intimate) 4. he/she/they/we (informal, intimate) 5. assistant, helper, colleague 6. friend, companion 7. people 8. clf. for persons |
| ជួរ | cuə | 1. column, line, row 2. formation, rank 3. family line, lineage 4. clf. for rows, lines, 12-year cycles, generations |
| ជាទូទៅ | cie tuu təv | in general, as a whole, generally |
| ក៏ដោយ | kɑɑ daoy | 1. (who)soever, (what)soever 2. whether or not, it makes no difference, even if 3. even though, although |
| គ្រាប់ | kroap | 1. grain, pit, seed 2. pill, tablet 3. bullet, projectile, bomb 4. clf. for small round objects such as seeds, pills, bullets |
| ច្រើន | craən | 1. much, many, numerous, very much 2. mostly, often |
| ជាងគេ | cieŋ kee | superlative marker: the most, the ...-est |
| ញ៉ាំ | ɲam | to eat, to drink, to consume {ញ៉ាំបាយ = general term for 'to eat' (neutral form for younger persons and persons of the same age)} Notes: informal, of oneself, addressing children or close friends but not elders |
| អត់ | ʔɑt | 1. no, not 2. to be without, lacking 3. to restrain oneself, abstain from 4. particle to form yes/no questions |
| អាច | ʔaac | 1. to be able/qualified (to do something), capable of (doing something) 2. to be possible 3. to be in condition (to), be in a position (to) 4. to dare to |
| ឆ្កឹះ | ckəh | 1. to scratch/scrape something (with the finger or a stick) a single time 2. to pluck/pick out |
| ចេញ | cəɲ | 1. to go out, leave, emerge, exit 2. to issue, bring out, come out (of a publication) 3. to emit, utter 4. out, off, away (also figuratively) {ខ្ញុំគិតអត់ចេញ = I can't figure it out} 5. to pay out, pay for, lay out (money), spend 6. to gain, earn, save 7. to play (a card) |
| បាន | baan | 1. to have completed/done something 2. to intend to complete something 3. marker of completed action 4. to get, obtain, acquire, to achieve, have been able to, to get/have the opportunity to do something 5. to get someone or something to do something (often translated by the English passive in this sense) 6. to be able to 7. not ... until, then and only then 8. to pass to someone through inheritance 9. to be OK, fine, all right 10. [spoken language] however, though, in contrast {ម្សិលមិញបានក្ដៅខ្លាំង = yesterday, however, it was very hot} 11. {បានហើយ = I'm done, I give up, I'm finished (depending on the context)} |
| ទេ | tee | 1. particle: negative particle occurring in phrase final position especially after មិន, ពុំ, etc. 2. interrogative particle occurring in phrase final position, often in the combination ឬទេ 3. neutral/positive particle to add emphasis {ខ្ញុំសុខសប្បាយទេ = I'm fine!} {យកតែមួយទេ = I’ll take only one!} |
| ដោយ | daoy | 1. by, with, along 2. (indicator of an adverb) in a ... manner 3. because |
| ខាំ | kʰam | to bite, to sting (of an insect such as a mosquito) |
| ទាំង | teaŋ | 1. all, both {ទាំងពីរ = both} {ទាំង ... ទាំង ... = both ... and ...} 2. entirely, completely 3. adverb marker equivalent to ដោយ |
| តែម្ដង | tae mdɑɑŋ | 1. immediately, at once, right away, directly 2. all of a sudden 3. generally, in general 4. totally Notes: ជើង ដ |
| ដោយសារតែ | daoy saa tae | because |
| តូច | touc, tuuc | 1. small, little, tiny 2. minor |
| ក្នុង | knoŋ | 1. in, inside 2. during + (time word) |
| មាត់ | moat | 1. mouth 2. bank, shore (of a river, lake, sea) 3. opening (e.g., of a jar or bag) |
| ទំពា | tumpie | to chew |
| យក | yɔɔk | 1. to take (in one's hand or with oneself), hold 2. when ordering: I’ll take, I’ll have {យកបបរគ្រឿងសាច់ជ្រូកម៉ាចាន = I’ll have a bowl of pork porridge} 3. to take (away) 4. to steal 5. to bring 6. to borrow 7. to get, obtain, achieve |
| ខ្ជាក់ | kceak | to spit out |
| តែ | tae | 1. but, however 2. only, just 3. tea |
| តែប៉ុណ្ណោះ | tae ponnɑh | only, only that much |
| ដូច្នេះ | doucneh | 1. so, thus, therefore 2. like this |
| ប៉ះ | pah | 1. to hit, to collide with 2. to touch, come in contact with 3. to meet, encounter, confront |
| ត្រូវ | trəv | 1. must, have to 2. to be correct, right, proper, exact, accurate 3. to concern, have to do with, to agree/jibe with, coincide with 4. to be affected with/by, to suffer, undergo (ត្រូវ + CLAUSE marks a passive-like construction in which the subject of the clause introduced by ត្រូវ is translated as the agent in the passive construction) |
| នោះ | nuh | 1. that, those (often serves simply to emphasize something already referred to or something distant in time or space) 2. then |
| រឹង | rɨŋ | hard, firm, tough, stiff |
| ដូច | douc | alike, similar, like, as |
| វា | vie | 1. it (of animals, things, or very young children) 2. he, she, they (familiar or contemptuous) |
| មែន | mɛɛn | 1. to be real, true, accurate, to be right, correct, it is true 2. really, actually, indeed 3. as a question tag: [...], really? [...], right? |
| ធ្វើឲ្យ | tvəə ʔaoy | 1. to cause, make (someone) do (something) 2. to do (something) for (someone) (often used to form causative compounds) |
| ពិបាក | piʔbaak | 1. difficult {ការទិញអីវ៉ាន់នៅខ្មែររៀងពិបាកបន្តិច = buying things in Cambodia is a bit difficult/not easy} {តែពិបាកត្រង់ ឆាប់ងងុយដេក = the problem is: I’m getting tired easily} 2. sad, poor, miserable 3. to suffer |
| ការ | kaa | 1. commonly occurs as a nominalizing particle deriving abstract nouns or noun phrases from verbs or verb phrases 2. work, occupation 3. business, affair, matter 4. to protect, defend, prevent 5. to marry 6. marriage 7. wedding 8. interest (e.g., on a loan) 9. profit 10. usury 11. to wind (into a skein/bobbin/reel) 12. to spin (silk) |
| ត្រូវតែ | trəv tae | have to, must, should, ought to |
| ចិត | cət | 1. to pare, peel 2. to cut into pieces, slice 3. to sharpen (e.g., a pencil) |
| ជាមុនសិន | cie mun sən | first |
| ពុះ | puh | 1. to chop, hack, cut, split wood 2. break open 3. to divide 4. to be boiling (of water), to seethe, bubble, fizz, foam, froth |
| បន្ទះ | bɑnteah | 1. piece, sheet, slab, strip, small plank, small board 2. clf. for pieces, sheets, slabs, strips, small planks, small boards 3. chip, sliver |
| ដើម្បី | daəmbəy | in order to, for, to, toward, reserved for |
| ងាយស្រួល | ŋiey sruǝl | easy (e.g., to do, to use) |
| កាន់ | kan | 1. to hold, carry in the hand, grasp, hang on to 2. to control, be in charge of, be responsible for 3. to withstand, support, sustain, bear 4. to hold to, believe in, keep/observe (e.g., a religion) {កាន់សាសនាព្រះពុទ្ធ = to believe in Buddhism} 5. (of a spirit) to possess |
| កាត់ | kat | 1. to cut, slice, slit 2. to divide, detach 3. to penetrate, pass through, cut through/across, take a short cut 4. to interrupt 5. to solve, untangle 6. to settle (a matter) 7. to decide (a legal case) 8. to ignite, catch/start (of a fire) 9. to be hybrid, of mixed blood or ethnic origin 10. across, through 11. briefly 12. to set, to fix, to judge |
| កង់ | kɑŋ | 1. wheel, tire 2. bicycle 3. piece, slice, circle, something round 4. chop (of meat), piece (of fish), slice (of fish) 5. clf. for pipes, logs, slices |
| ល្ហុង | lhoŋ | papaya |
| ឈើ | cʰəə | 1. tree, wood 2. wooden |
| មក | mɔɔk | 1. to come (toward the speaker in space or time) 2. to come to/towards (often used as a final particle indicating that the action began at some point in the past and continued up to the present) 3. (from then) on, (from that time) forth 4. to, toward |
| ចាក់ | cak | 1. to stab, pierce (with a pointed instrument) 2. to pour (a liquid) 3. to play (a record or tape) |